Burner ifor tunnex-kilns



P. DH. DRESSLER.

BURNER FUR TUNNEL KILNS.

APPucmou man MAY l. 1920.

1,385,986. Patented Aug. 2, 1921 7, m wm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP UH. DRESSLER, 0F ZANESVILLE, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN DRESSLER TUNNEL KILNS. INC.. 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.. A CDZRPORATION 0F NEW' YORK.

BURNER ron TUNNELKILNS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. e, 1921.

Application med may 1, 1920. serial No. 313,331.

To wlw/a t may concern.'

lie it known that I, lunar nI-l. DnEssLEu, a subject ot' the King.: ot tire-.1t Britain, and resident ot' Zanesville7 in the county of Muskingum and State ol Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners for Tunuel-Kilns, of which the following is a specih'cation.

My present invention relates to improvements in tunnel kilns oi' the internal combustion type, and consists in improved means for supplying gas and air for its combustion, to the combustion chambers ot' the kiln, and was devised with the `eneral object in View of providing' a relativelyY simple and durable construction l'or supplying lgas and air in such manner as to maintain etlieientcombus tion conditions.

The various features ot' noveltyY which characterize my invention are. pointed ont with particular-ity in the claimsl annexed to a nd forming a part of this speeitiea'tiou. For a" better nuderstaiulint,r of the invention. however, and the advantages possessed by it reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a preferred eniluulmenbot my invention.

tlf the drawings:

Figure l is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation ot' a portion of a tunnel kiln, in sec- Vtion on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. L) is a transverse section on line 2 9. ol Fig'. l

Fig. Il is a partial section ou line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. l is a partial section taken on the broken linel 1 4 otI Fig. it: and

Fig. .3 isa plan view oll a part.

ln the drawings represents the chamber of a continuous tunnel kiln oi the wellv known Dressler t -,'pe. The kiln heating' means comprises combustion chambers l, which rest on benches or ledges at the opposite sides ol the track rails A2 lfor theI cars which transport the ynods to he heated through the kiln. Yl`he combustion cliaulbersll are elongated. 'the walls ot' the eombuslion chamber are formed ot' hollow tilc except tor special bottom wall sections (nl provided at each burner station. As shown there aril several burner stations for each combustion chamber, though there need be but one in soule cases. The hollow tile sections b extend transversely to the length ot' the combustion chamber and are formed with' open ended longitudinal Ventilating channels b through which the kiln atmosphere circulates. Exce t at the burner station portions of the com nstion chamber, the channels b in'the side walls of the combustion chamber open into the adjacent channels J in the to and bottom walls of the. combustion cham ers; the channels b in the last mentioned walls open ct their ends to the kiln chamber. The tile sections b forming the side walls of the combustion chambers at cach burner station are supported on the corresponding bottom wall section La, whit-h closes the lower ends of the channels b' in the side wall tile so supported. To permit of a circulation of the kiln atmosphere through these channels, ports b are formed in the outer walls of the channels adjacent their lower ends. Each bottom section ba is in the form of an open rectangular frame which rests upon the corresponolingr bench A. The sections ba may be formed of blocks of fire clay or like material, but as shown each section comprises a metallic bottom frame member with refractory material b protectingr ther metallic frame against the high temperature in the combustion chamber and also forming supports for the tile section b forming the adjacent side walls of the combustion chamber.

At each burner station, air and. gas is sup- )lied to the corresponding combustion cham- )er from a mixing chamber IF, the upper end of which is open and vin communication with the combustion chamber through the corresponding open bottom section ba which surrounds the mixing chamber IF. As shown each chamberIF has refractory Walls built into the bench, and receives air freni an inlet passage F3 and combustible giis from a passage I3'. Between the passage Fa andthe chamber IF is placed a plate H of refractory material formed with e plurality of orifices H. The air passing).r through the orifices H' into the chamber IF with a plurality of small streams incline from the vertical toward the horizontal in the dire( Lion in which the products of combustion ass lengthwise of the kiln through the com ustion chamber.

'lo allow for expansion and contraction of the parte the combustion chambers are not secured to the benches A along their length though they may be anchored to the benches,

theirends adjacent the end walls. To permit the combustion chambers to move along the benches as they expand and contract a bed P ot' sand or the like is interposed between each bench and the combustion cha mber supported by it. By thus sand seating the combustion chambers leakage is also avoided at the burner stations. y

A The passage I3 is transverse in direction to tliepassage Ff* and to the jets of an' discharged through the orifices ll. This subdivision of the air and the transverse supply of the combustible gas tends to a rapid and thorough mixture and combustion of the air and gas. so that combustion normally begins practically as the air and gas pass from thc chamber IF into the combustion chamber proper. he air and 'gas thus passing into each mixing chamber IF is so thoroughly admixed that no diiiiculty from carbon dep osition need be feared even though the air be quite highly preheated before its d1s charge into the mixing chambers. A refractor h'ood J extends over the rear portion o the open end of each chamber IF, restin on the upper side of the rear portion and a jacent the side portions of the open frame ba. This shield prevents the entering air and gas from impinging against the top and side walls of the combustion chambers with resultant local overheating and carbon deposition, and defiects the stream of burn Y ing gases horizontally into the combustion chamber. Advantageously each of the shields J except the one at the rear end of each combustion chamber, are provided with extensions JA projecting forward over the corresponding chamber IF and serving to separate the air and gas mixture admitted at the corresponding burner inlet from immediate admixture with products of combustion and burning gases from burner inlets at the rear.

In the particular kiln structure shown, the various gas assages I are connected through individual cross passages I2 and vertical passages I to the correspondin one of a pair of gas suppl passages I whic run lengthwise of the ki n at the sides of the latter. A damper g is provided at the upper end of each passage I to regulate the correspending gas flow therethrough. Each of the air supply passages F*l is connected by a corresponding vertical passage F2 and horizontal passage F' to a common air supply tunnel F located beneath the pathway for the cars C and extending lengthwise of the kiln. The tunnel F receives preheated air under pressure from the outlet of a fan or blower E which has its inlet connected to a duct I)z into which air is drawn by the fan suction from the headers D for the cooling pipes D in the cooling zone of the kiln. The supply of air to each air passage F3 is regulated by a corresponding damper G. The

yskilled in the art that changes may be made dempers G as Well as the dempers 5,: Y "c urovided with operating handles G c .tending to the exterior of the kiln.

It will be apparent to those skii'V in the art that with the described constv i 1in, gas 70 and preheated air for its combusi" Y :nay be supplied in precisely regulated c AN.unts to each burner inlet of each combi-[f1 ion chamber. The means employed for mixing the airfand gas and' directing it into the combustion chamber at each burner inlet with the proper direction o flow are simple in construction and durable notwithstanding the high temperat'ures to which the are subjected. The relative expansion an contraction of the parts which ordinarily results in practice in a longitudinal movement of the combustion chambers relative to the benches A on which they rest may occur without prejudicial effect on the burner construction, since each burner inlet frame ba is made with the length of the opening therein great enough to permit all reasonable relative movement of this character Without injurious Contact with the wall of the chamber IF. i

While, in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described tbe best form of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those in. the form of the apparatus disclosed herein without departing from the spirit of my invention, and that certain features of my invention may sometimes be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a continuous tunnel kiln, the combination with an elongated kiln chamber, of an elongated combustion chamber therein form: ed with an a erture in its zottom wall 4a i masonry bene 1 supporting said combustion 110 chamber and formed with air and gas supply channels which open through the .top surface of the bench into Vsaid aperture.

2. In a continuous tunnel kiln, the combination with an elongated kiln chamber, of an elongated combustion chamber, therein formed with an aperture in its bottom wall,

'a masonry bench sup orting said combustion a masonry :platform thereiniformed with an air and as mixing chamber open at its uppr si e and with air and gas channels opening into elongated combustion chamber resting on said platform and formed with an opening in its bottom wall through which the corre'- sponding mixing chamber communicates with the interior of the combustion chamber.

4. A continuoustunnel kiln com'prising in combination an elongated kiln chamber with a masonry p atform therein formed with a mixing chamber open at the top of the platform and with air and gas supply) channels opening into said mixing cham er at an angle to one another and a combustion chamber resting on said, platform and formed with an opening in its bottom wall through which said mixing chamber communicate with the interior of the combustion chamber.

5. A continuous tunnel kiln comprising in combination an elongated kiln chamber with a masonry platform therein formed with a mixing chamber open at the top of the platform and air and gas supply channels opening into said mixing chamber at an angle to one another and a perforated plate extending across one of said channels to divide the fluid iowing from that channel into the mixing chamber into a plurality of jet like streams and a combustion chamber resting on said platform and formed with an opening in its bottom wall through which mixing chamber communicatewith the interior oi' the combustion chamber.

6. In a continuons ,tunnel kiln, the combination with an elongated kiln` chamber and an elongated combustion chamber within the chamber and formed with an aperture in its bottom Wall and a masonry platform on which said combustion chamber rests, said said mixing chamber and an4 platform having a which terminates in an open ended portion extending above the platform into said aperture.

7. A continuous tunnel kiln comprising in combination an elongated kiln chamber, an elongated combustion chamber comprising a. bottom wall portion in the form of an open. trame, a refractory hood seated on said frame and shaped to form a compartment in said combustion chamber which is open at its end adjacent one end of the combustion chamber but is closed at its opposite end and at its topand a masomry support for said combustion chamber having air and gas supply channels formed in it which open at the to of the platform and communicate with said combustion chamber through said open frame.

` 8. A continuous tunnel kiln comprising in combination an elongated kiln chamber, an elongated combustion chamber com rising a bottom wall portion in the form o an open frame and side wall portions resting on the sides of said frame and comprising vertically disposed tile sections formed with longitudinal open end circulation channels in communication at their upper ends with the kiln chamber and havingports formed through the outer walls of said channels adjacent their lower ends, and a masonry support for said combustion chamber having air and gas supply channels formed in it which open 'at the top of the platform and communicate with said combustion chamber through said open frame. e

Signed at Detroitq in the county of and State of lllichigan, this 26th April, A. D. 1920.

PHILIP nH. DRESSLER.

rayne day of fuel channel formed in it 

